{"id":40610,"date":"2025-12-07T18:29:01","date_gmt":"2025-12-07T18:29:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/?p=40610"},"modified":"2025-12-07T18:29:01","modified_gmt":"2025-12-07T18:29:01","slug":"tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/","title":{"rendered":"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth"},"content":{"rendered":"

While most countries around the world strive to create a stable investment environment that encourages industrialists and merchants to establish new ventures, Syria is confronting an exceptional phenomenon that has emerged as a primary barrier to attracting investors. This phenomenon is the reassessment and recollection of taxes for previous fiscal years that had already been settled, and for which business owners had obtained tax clearance, which was supposed to conclude all their tax obligations.<\/span><\/p>\n

A number of industrialists and merchants told <\/span>+963<\/b> that this unprecedented measure came as a shock, reducing their motivation to reinvest or expand their activities. They feel trapped in an endless cycle of repeated financial burdens affecting their investments and their ability to hire workers.<\/span><\/p>\n

Testimonies from Industrialists and Merchants<\/b><\/h2>\n

Mohammad Ali, owner of a textile factory in Damascus, told <\/span>+963<\/b>: \u201cI paid the taxes for 2020 to 2022 and obtained a clearance, but now they are demanding a reassessment with additional amounts exceeding two billion Syrian pounds. How can I even think of expanding the factory or hiring 50 new workers? This kills any investment ambition.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Mohammad al-Khaled, a building materials trader in Aleppo, added to <\/span>+963<\/b>: \u201cAfter closing the accounts, I received a notice of previous taxes due to \u2018reassessment.\u2019 This forced me to reduce my activity by 40 percent and lay off workers. An investor seeks stability, not a financial trap.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

A member of a chamber of industry stated: \u201cNo country reinstates taxes after granting clearance. This is unique to Syria and drives away foreign investment, which had been promoted with supposedly low tax rates ranging between 10 and 15 percent.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Read also: <\/span>https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/09\/11\/2025\/syrias-tax-reforms-relief-for-corporations-strain-for-the-middle-class\/<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The Impact on the Investment Climate and Employment Opportunities<\/b><\/h2>\n

Economic expert Mohammad al-Abed told <\/span>+963<\/b> that \u201creimposing taxes on previously settled years places investors before renewed and unpredictable financial risks, which explains the reluctance to establish new factories or workshops. This directly affects job opportunities for the unemployed and weakens the national economy\u2019s ability to increase production and achieve development.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

He added: \u201cWhile some countries operate under transparent and clear tax systems that do not allow for tax reviews after closure, the Syrian case stands as an exception. This creates an environment of legal and economic uncertainty. It reflects a structural flaw in the tax system and a lack of governance and transparency mechanisms in tax collection. It also raises legal and ethical questions regarding taxpayers\u2019 rights and investor protection.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Al-Abed concluded that reforming this system and adopting clear and encouraging tax policies is an urgent necessity to revive investment and achieve tax justice. This requires the authorities to put an end to the policy of \u2018reassessing taxes for settled years\u2019 so Syria can regain its competitiveness in attracting investment and supporting the national economy.<\/span><\/p>\n

A Systemic Flaw That Undermines Trust<\/b><\/h2>\n

Despite the tax reforms announced by the Syrian Ministry of Finance to simplify the system and attract investment, the continuing practice of reassessing taxes for settled years remains a major obstacle for industrialists and merchants, raising questions about the effectiveness of these reforms in building trust.<\/span><\/p>\n

Economic expert Mahmoud Addai confirmed to <\/span>+963<\/b> that no country in the world reimposes taxes on traders or industrialists after they settle their financial obligations and obtain tax clearance. This phenomenon exists only locally. He added that the success of any tax reform depends on governance and transparency; however, the absence of these elements deepens uncertainty and prevents the attraction of capital, especially with the tax burden reaching 52 to 55 percent of GDP in some periods.<\/span><\/p>\n

Economic analysis shows that this practice increases tax evasion and reduces production. The complexity of the system hinders private investment and reconstruction, which requires between 250 and 500 billion dollars. The heavy tax burden weakens growth and employment opportunities. While some propose periodic reassessments every five to six years, these should exclude previously settled cases. Reassessing settled taxes effectively supports competing imports at the expense of national production, which reduces the competitiveness of the local industry, increases demand for the dollar, raises its price, increases unemployment, reduces demand for national products, and ultimately leads to business closures, according to Addai.<\/span><\/p>\n

He added: \u201cFrom all of this, we conclude the necessity of genuine reform with private sector participation in committees to ensure fairness that boosts production and employment, rather than driving people out of work, while also attracting foreign direct investment.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

While most countries around the world strive to create a stable investment environment that encourages industrialists and merchants to establish new ventures, Syria is confronting an exceptional phenomenon that has emerged as a primary barrier to attracting investors. This phenomenon is the reassessment and recollection of taxes for previous fiscal years that had already been […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":137,"featured_media":40611,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"0","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"left-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"float","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"g:i a d\/m\/Y","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"5","zoom_button_in_step":"4","show_post_tag":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_post_related":"1"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0","subtitle":"How Retroactive Taxes Are Undermining Syria\u2019s Investment Climate"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[430,19],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[429],"class_list":["post-40610","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-insights","category-slider"],"yoast_head":"\nTax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth - 963+<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Syria\u2019s retroactive tax reassessments are alarming investors, creating legal uncertainty, and undermining efforts to attract capital and support economic recovery.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Syria\u2019s retroactive tax reassessments are alarming investors, creating legal uncertainty, and undermining efforts to attract capital and support economic recovery.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"963+\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/963mediaAr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-07T18:29:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/123.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"375\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mazen Al-Shahin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@963mediaAr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@963mediaAr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mazen Al-Shahin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mazen Al-Shahin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/98eb011677e06d6391e93384df49a67d\"},\"headline\":\"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-07T18:29:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":726,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/123.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Insights\",\"Slider\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/\",\"name\":\"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth - 963+\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/123.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-07T18:29:01+00:00\",\"description\":\"Syria\u2019s retroactive tax reassessments are alarming investors, creating legal uncertainty, and undermining efforts to attract capital and support economic recovery.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/123.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/123.jpg\",\"width\":750,\"height\":375},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/07\\\/12\\\/2025\\\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"963+\",\"description\":\"A diverse political, economic, cultural, and social website.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\",\"alternateName\":\"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/02\\\/392787211_122123525570182848_4459271165355755754_n.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/02\\\/392787211_122123525570182848_4459271165355755754_n.jpg\",\"width\":960,\"height\":960,\"caption\":\"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/963mediaAr\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/963mediaAr\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/963media.ar\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/t.me\\\/ar963media\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/98eb011677e06d6391e93384df49a67d\",\"name\":\"Mazen Al-Shahin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/81.jpg1528f3218a6ee026fe74f3a753d3bf4d\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/81.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/81.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Mazen Al-Shahin\"},\"description\":\"Economic editor at +963\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/author\\\/mazen-al-shahin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth - 963+","description":"Syria\u2019s retroactive tax reassessments are alarming investors, creating legal uncertainty, and undermining efforts to attract capital and support economic recovery.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth","og_description":"Syria\u2019s retroactive tax reassessments are alarming investors, creating legal uncertainty, and undermining efforts to attract capital and support economic recovery.","og_url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/","og_site_name":"963+","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/963mediaAr","article_published_time":"2025-12-07T18:29:01+00:00","og_image":[{"width":750,"height":375,"url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/123.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Mazen Al-Shahin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@963mediaAr","twitter_site":"@963mediaAr","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Mazen Al-Shahin","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/"},"author":{"name":"Mazen Al-Shahin","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/98eb011677e06d6391e93384df49a67d"},"headline":"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth","datePublished":"2025-12-07T18:29:01+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/"},"wordCount":726,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/123.jpg","articleSection":["Insights","Slider"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/","name":"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth - 963+","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/123.jpg","datePublished":"2025-12-07T18:29:01+00:00","description":"Syria\u2019s retroactive tax reassessments are alarming investors, creating legal uncertainty, and undermining efforts to attract capital and support economic recovery.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/123.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/123.jpg","width":750,"height":375},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/07\/12\/2025\/tax-reassessment-in-syria-a-new-barrier-to-investment-and-growth\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Tax Reassessment in Syria: A New Barrier to Investment and Growth"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/","name":"963+","description":"A diverse political, economic, cultural, and social website.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#organization","name":"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627","alternateName":"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/392787211_122123525570182848_4459271165355755754_n.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/392787211_122123525570182848_4459271165355755754_n.jpg","width":960,"height":960,"caption":"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/963mediaAr","https:\/\/x.com\/963mediaAr","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/963media.ar\/","https:\/\/t.me\/ar963media"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/98eb011677e06d6391e93384df49a67d","name":"Mazen Al-Shahin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/81.jpg1528f3218a6ee026fe74f3a753d3bf4d","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/81.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/81.jpg","caption":"Mazen Al-Shahin"},"description":"Economic editor at +963","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/author\/mazen-al-shahin\/"}]}},"authors":[{"term_id":429,"user_id":137,"is_guest":0,"slug":"mazen-al-shahin","display_name":"Mazen Al-Shahin","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/81.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/81.jpg"},"author_category":"1","first_name":"Mazen","last_name":"Al-Shahin","job_title":"Economic editor at +963","description":"Economic editor at +963"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40610","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/137"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40610"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40610\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40612,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40610\/revisions\/40612"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40610"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=40610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}