{"id":38278,"date":"2025-06-08T17:05:27","date_gmt":"2025-06-08T17:05:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/?p=38278"},"modified":"2025-06-08T17:19:02","modified_gmt":"2025-06-08T17:19:02","slug":"iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/","title":{"rendered":"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over the past month, three major news stories have dominated the Iranian landscape globally: First, the conviction of Hadi Matar by an American court. Matar, who was involved in the attack on British novelist Salman Rushdie several months ago and was reportedly influenced by the notorious 1988 fatwa issued by Ayatollah Khomeini, the former Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, was sentenced to 25 years in prison.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The second story concerned leaked negotiations between the United States and the Iranian regime, with Iran reportedly expressing willingness to dismantle its nuclear and ballistic missile programs. Meanwhile, economic indicators pointed to a sharp decline in electricity production in Iran, from 58 kilowatts to 43 kilowatts, threatening to paralyse thousands of factories and economic units, and potentially pushing hundreds of thousands more Iranians out of the labour market.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contrary to how they may initially appear, these three developments are closely intertwined. One cannot isolate them from one another, whether in Iran or any similar system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Political regimes that derive their legitimacy, discourse, and strategic vision from a blend of ideology, extremism, and theatrical posturing, while simultaneously stockpiling arms and violent tools, ultimately end up in ruin. No matter how vast their ideological or military arsenals, such regimes fail to sustain themselves or achieve long-term stability.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, why do such regimes rush so openly and persistently toward self-destruction, despite full awareness of the inevitable misery they will eventually face?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khomeini\u2019s fatwa against Indian-British novelist Salman Rushdie came just one month after Iran emerged from its devastating eight-year war with Iraq, a conflict that had stripped the country of whatever glory it once had.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At that moment in history, Iranian society needed everything except fatwas of that nature. The edict served no constructive purpose. It represented nothing but reckless zeal, a calculated move to isolate Iran from the outside world, and the manufactured rise of extremist values for which there was no necessity.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What concern is it of the Iranian state or its people whether a literary novel offends the beliefs of some? Is the proper response to provocative literature violence and incitement, or greater advocacy for dialogue, intellectual engagement, and cultural discourse?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This same critique applies to Iran\u2019s nuclear and ballistic programs, which have drained tens of billions from the Iranian public treasury over the years. These programs led to waves of international sanctions and heightened distrust between Iran and its regional neighbours, none of whom, Israel included, had any military doctrine explicitly hostile toward Iran.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This phenomenon is not unlike the tales told by mothers in impoverished households, stories meant to soothe hungry children at night by distracting them from the relentless harshness of daily life.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Iranian national drama, like several others before it, rests on a jarring contradiction: the dissonance between the Iranian people\u2019s everyday realities and the grandiose myths, narratives, and burdens their political system fabricates for them. The system draws them into this elaborate performance, inundating them with imagined missions and crises that serve no purpose other than to deepen their daily suffering.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alongside North Korea and to a lesser extent Cuba, Iran stands as one of the last remaining practitioners of this \u201cNational Drama.\u201d This is due to the stark contrast between the political, economic, and symbolic aspirations of its people and the deep, persistent misery imposed by a regime that cloaks failure in myths of grandeur.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Over the past month, three major news stories have dominated the Iranian landscape globally: First, the conviction of Hadi Matar by an American court. Matar, who was involved in the attack on British novelist Salman Rushdie several months ago and was reportedly influenced by the notorious 1988 fatwa issued by Ayatollah Khomeini, the former Supreme [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121,"featured_media":38279,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"0","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"left-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"float","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"g:i a d\/m\/Y","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"5","zoom_button_in_step":"4","show_post_tag":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_post_related":"1"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0","subtitle":"Iran, once armed with vast military power, now can\u2019t provide drinking water to millions."},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[382,19],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[413],"class_list":["post-38278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinions","category-slider"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.2 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d - 963+<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What concern is it of the Iranian state or its people whether a literary novel offends the beliefs of some?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What concern is it of the Iranian state or its people whether a literary novel offends the beliefs of some?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"963+\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/963mediaAr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-08T17:05:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-08T17:19:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/3-1024x512-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Roustum Mahmoud\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@963mediaAr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@963mediaAr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Roustum Mahmoud\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Roustum Mahmoud\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a0a2cd1ab2897d2361f55e67018bce66\"},\"headline\":\"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-08T17:05:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-08T17:19:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":567,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/3-1024x512-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Opinions\",\"Slider\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/\",\"name\":\"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d - 963+\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/3-1024x512-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-08T17:05:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-08T17:19:02+00:00\",\"description\":\"What concern is it of the Iranian state or its people whether a literary novel offends the beliefs of some?\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/3-1024x512-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/3-1024x512-1.jpg\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":512},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/08\\\/06\\\/2025\\\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"963+\",\"description\":\"A diverse political, economic, cultural, and social website.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\",\"alternateName\":\"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/02\\\/392787211_122123525570182848_4459271165355755754_n.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/02\\\/392787211_122123525570182848_4459271165355755754_n.jpg\",\"width\":960,\"height\":960,\"caption\":\"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/963mediaAr\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/963mediaAr\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/963media.ar\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/t.me\\\/ar963media\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a0a2cd1ab2897d2361f55e67018bce66\",\"name\":\"Roustum Mahmoud\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f.png1ff9afef451b0820213dff7e2278b8ac\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/04\\\/\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f.png\",\"caption\":\"Roustum Mahmoud\"},\"description\":\"Syrian writer and researcher specializing in Middle Eastern political history\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/963media.com\\\/en\\\/author\\\/roustum-mahmoud\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d - 963+","description":"What concern is it of the Iranian state or its people whether a literary novel offends the beliefs of some?","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d","og_description":"What concern is it of the Iranian state or its people whether a literary novel offends the beliefs of some?","og_url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/","og_site_name":"963+","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/963mediaAr","article_published_time":"2025-06-08T17:05:27+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-06-08T17:19:02+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":512,"url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/3-1024x512-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Roustum Mahmoud","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@963mediaAr","twitter_site":"@963mediaAr","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Roustum Mahmoud","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/"},"author":{"name":"Roustum Mahmoud","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/a0a2cd1ab2897d2361f55e67018bce66"},"headline":"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d","datePublished":"2025-06-08T17:05:27+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-08T17:19:02+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/"},"wordCount":567,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/3-1024x512-1.jpg","articleSection":["Opinions","Slider"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/","name":"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d - 963+","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/3-1024x512-1.jpg","datePublished":"2025-06-08T17:05:27+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-08T17:19:02+00:00","description":"What concern is it of the Iranian state or its people whether a literary novel offends the beliefs of some?","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/3-1024x512-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/3-1024x512-1.jpg","width":1024,"height":512},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/08\/06\/2025\/iran-the-last-episodes-of-national-drama\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Iran: The Last Episodes of \u201cNational Drama\u201d"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/","name":"963+","description":"A diverse political, economic, cultural, and social website.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#organization","name":"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627","alternateName":"\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/392787211_122123525570182848_4459271165355755754_n.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/392787211_122123525570182848_4459271165355755754_n.jpg","width":960,"height":960,"caption":"\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/963mediaAr","https:\/\/x.com\/963mediaAr","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/963media.ar\/","https:\/\/t.me\/ar963media"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/a0a2cd1ab2897d2361f55e67018bce66","name":"Roustum Mahmoud","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f.png1ff9afef451b0820213dff7e2278b8ac","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f.png","caption":"Roustum Mahmoud"},"description":"Syrian writer and researcher specializing in Middle Eastern political history","url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/author\/roustum-mahmoud\/"}]}},"authors":[{"term_id":413,"user_id":121,"is_guest":0,"slug":"roustum-mahmoud","display_name":"Roustum Mahmoud","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f.png","url2x":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f.png"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/121"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38278"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38280,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38278\/revisions\/38280"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38279"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38278"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/963media.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=38278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}